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Oestrogen
Female hormone mainly produced by ovaries. After menopause ovarian production of
oestrogen falls to low levels.
OHSS
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome. It is used to describe over response of
ovaries to fertility drugs. Severe OHSS can be fatal. It is more common in
women with PCO. There is evidence that some herbal medications taken during
natural menstrual cycle could lead to OHSS
Oligomenorrhoea
Light or infrequent periods occurring at an interval of more than 35days
Oligomenorrhoea
Light or infrequent periods occurring at an interval of more than 35days
Oligozoospermia
Low sperm count as detected by sperm analysis. A count less than 20million per
ml, is referred as low count. Sperm count alone is not significant unless it is
very low
Oncologist
A specialist who deals with management of malignant conditions. A medical
oncologist deals with chemotherapy. A surgical oncologist performs surgery for
cancerous growths
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Oocyte
Medical term to describe an egg. It is also called an ovum.
Oophorectomy
A surgical procedure performed for removal of ovaries
Orgalutron
A brand name for LH RH antagonist. It is used in IVF treatment cycles to prevent
release of eggs before egg collection
Osteoporosis
Loss of bone tissue. It is associated with lack of oestrogen after the
menopause. Hormone replacement therapy, Diet rich in calcium, exercise and
Bisphophonates can prevent osteoporosis. A Bone Densitometry Scan (BMD) is used
to detect osteoporosis
Ostradiol
The major oestrogen produced by the ovary. Oestrogen is responsible for the
development and normal function of the female genitalia and breasts, protects
against thinning of the bones and causes a favourable lipid profile to protect
against heart attacks.
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Ovarian cyst
A fluid filled structure in the ovary. They are commonly functional (as a result
of ovulation). New growth cysts can be benign or malignant; malignant cysts are
more common after the age of 45. Although about 10% associated with an abnormal
growth occur in younger women. Simple ovarian cysts are not uncommon
Ovarian cystectomy
An operation to remove an ovarian cyst with preservation of at least some normal
ovarian tissue. It could be performed through a key-hole surgery or an open
abdominal operation.
Ovarian failure
Failure of ovaries to produce oestrogen, progesterone and eggs. Primary ovarian
failure occurs in women with genetic disorders. Secondary ovarian failure could
result from chemotherapy, radio-therapy, steroid treatment and ovarian surgery
and is common over the age of 45. Premature ovarian failure occurs before the
age of 40 and common in women with auto-immune disease.
Ovarian reserve
The term used to describe the ovarian ageing. It is assessed with a blood test
(FSH and Inhibin B) and ultrasound scan of ovaries. Ovarian reserve declines
with age
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Ovary
Female gonad. There are two ovaries one on either side of uterus attached to it
with a band of tissue. Ovaries produce female hormones and eggs
Ovulation
Release of mature egg/eggs from the follicle/s in the ovary. It occurs 14 day
prior to next menstruation. In a regular 28 day cycle, ovulation occurs on day
14
Ovulation induction (OI)
It is used in fertility treatments to produce more eggs. In women who do not
ovulate, it is used to induce ovulation. Tablets or injections are given to
induce ovulation
Ovulation test
Urine tests are used to predict ovulation at home. These tests can occasionally
give false results. Blood tests for progesterone are used in fertility practice
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